Alternatif Penilaian Status Gizi Untuk Deteksi Risiko Obesitas: Review
Keywords:
nutritional status, assessment, anthropometry, biochemistry, obesityAbstract
Introduction: Early detection of obesity can prevent complications and severity, due to the earlier detection of obesity will accelerate the provision of interventions and guidelines to be able to regulate body weight. Currently, techniques for measuring or detecting the risk of obesity have developed. Measurement of obesity is not only limited to body mass index, but other measurement methods have also been introduced with their respective advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this literature review was to provide an alternative measurement to detect the risk of obesity in individuals.
Discussion: Body mass index was found to be less precise when used for athletes whose body composition has more muscle than fat, as well as older people because
there is a tendency for distribution to be concentrated in the abdominal area. Measurement of skin-fold thickness cannot be applied to individuals who are too obese. Waist circumference and waist to hip ratio in several studies show better measurements for detecting body fat in individuals. The use of tools in detecting obesity such as air displacement plethysmography and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is quite good, but has limitation, namely the tools used are expensive and impractical. Invasive use of biochemical biomarkers such as inflammatory biomarkers, serum lipids, adipose tissue is more accurate for individuals, but the limitation that they are expensive and require a long time to analyze.
Conclusion: The majority of anthropometric measurements are easier, faster and cheaper, so that they can be carried out on the population, while biochemical measurements are expensive, time consuming, not simple, and better only done on individuals, but the measurement results more accurately describe the individual's body condition. Further research is needed, especially in biochemical measurements, so that it can be a reference in the field of nutrigenetics and personal recommendation diet.
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