DAMPAK PROGRAM MAKAN SIANG SEKOLAH TERHADAP STATUS GIZI DAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK SISWA DI NEGARA-NEGARA ASIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Keywords:
academic achievement, nutrition status, school lunch programAbstract
Pendahuluan: Malnutrisi pada anak masih menjadi masalah gizi yang sering dihadapi oleh beberapa negara di Asia, termasuk Indonesia. Masalah gizi yang kerap terjadi dapat meliputi undernutrition dan overnutrition. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk memperbaiki status gizi dan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, salah satunya dengan program makan siang di sekolah. Kajian literatur diperlukan untuk mengetahui dampak dari program makan siang terhadap perbaikan status gizi dan peningkatan prestasi akademik siswa yang sudah berjalan di negara-negara Asia.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan systematic literature review (SLR) menggunakan artikel 5 tahun terakhir dari berbagai database jurnal, yaitu PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Scopus.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program makan siang di sekolah tidak secara signifikan memperbaiki status gizi kurang. Namun, program ini memiliki dampak positif dalam menurunkan status gizi berlebih serta mengurangi defisiensi mikronutrien pada siswa. Selain itu, program makan siang di sekolah berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan prestasi akademik siswa.
Kesimpulan: Program makan siang sekolah memiliki dampak positif terhadap penurunan status gizi lebih, defisiensi mikronutrien, dan peningkatan prestasi akademik, tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perbaikan status gizi kurang pada siswa di Asia.
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